Kudler Fine Foods Virtual Organization

Promoting is a significant device for any business. It is the manner by which an organization makes their item known to people in general. Without showcasing, the shoppers will either not realize that the item even exists or won't have the foggiest idea about all the utilizations of the item; who makes it, what it is and what it is produced using, when went ahead the market, where it very well may be bought, how it can support the purchaser and why the customer ought to try and buy the item in any case. As per Tom Ash, Marketing is the procedure whereby requests for items, administrations and thoughts are envisioned, overseen and fulfilled (2011). Presently, advertising research, then again is similarly as significant, similarly as viable and the outcomes are similarly as noteworthy to the accomplishment of an organization. Making a promoting technique is similarly as significant as business making a marketable strategy. So as to build up your procedure for your business it requires some type of exploration (Stein, 2009). All things considered, how could an organization, not make any difference how large or little, realize how to put their item or administration available without investigating what the market is searching for in any case? Kudler Fine Food’s promoting technique connects first to the faculties by depicting their flavorful food and spirits; it focuses on a crowd of people that would incline toward better nourishments just as their areas. Kudler depicts every one of its three areas and calls attention to that they are open and situated in vogue shopping regions. Kudler subtleties what they sell, yet what their identity is, the thing that their main goal is and what their history is. As I would like to think, an organization that is so open to the general population about itself is utilizing a noteworthy advertising methodology. I should state that I am a visual individual and keeping in mind that seeing the photos that Kudler offers on their site, their melodious depiction of the nourishments they offer makes me wish this was a genuine spot! Consequently, I accept that visual promoting is the most remarkable and successful advertising apparatus at any point made. The pastry kitchen, meats and fish, produce, cheddar and wine are such a great amount of simpler to sell when they are outwardly scrumptious to the shopper! The most fascinating strategy that I am mindful of on the Kudler Fine Food’s ite is the study. I for one think this is an extraordinary (just as free) approach to acquire criticism on their stores and figure out how to improve them with an end goal to meet their customer’s needs; not the requirements of their own. It helps Kudler in realizing what and where their quality and shortcomings are basically by offering a brief overview for clients that have visited their store to do. Ob viously, no site is great; they each have space for development. On the Kudler Fine Food’s site, as I would like to think, the region that could utilize extra statistical surveying is the particular kinds of nourishments that the buyer is in the market for. The site records the various kinds of food that they sell, obviously, yet in the event that they went somewhat further and offered extra statistical surveying that educated the guests regarding the site just as the store what items they sell are beneficial for you and how, I think the site would be substantially more useful to the customer. This would be particularly compelling in a period where individuals are so cautious about eating well nourishments and stores that assist them with finding those nourishments. As indicated by McGonagle, â€Å"Competitive insight is the choice, assortment, translation and appropriation of freely held data that has vital significance, it is the expository procedure that changes disaggregated contender knowledge into applicable, precise and usable vital information about contenders, position, execution, abilities and goals, a perspective. It utilizes open sources to find and create data on rivalry and contenders and it is exceptionally explicit and ideal data about a corporation† (2009). This identifies with the Kudler Fine Food’s promoting procedure on the grounds that Kudler utilizes its choice, assortment, translation and dispersion of freely held data about themselves, however about the items the sell. I can say that I have not so much had the option to find any organization that Kudler is serious with on their site however I do see that their determination can be viewed as serious in any market. The manner by which Kudler depicts their position, execution, capacities and expectations is exceptionally comparative with a promoting methodology since they are not holing up behind any cover or entryways about whom they are or who they depict what they are about. The significance of serious knowledge and examination with respect to the improvement of Kudler Fine Food’s strategies offers the buyer the chance to mention to them what they do or don’t like, which store they have jumped in, how the found out about Kudler Fine Food’s, and why they shopped there and why they will shop there once more. Any strategy a business can use in dissecting their own site through the eyes of their client is a solid utilization of serious insight. Kudler Fine Food’s additionally uses the strategy of visual guides which lure the purchaser much more. The serious knowledge utilized in this strategy is by making their food look superior to that of their rivals. It is their tender loving care and the duty they take in making and selling food’s that are moderate, sound and open to their client. Doing research can include discovering who else is in the specialty, how they are publicizing, what catchphrases they are focusing on, where they are promoting, and numerous different elements. This doesn't imply that you follow your opposition or tail them since you could be burning through a lot of time doing this (Stein, 2009). Kudler utilizes the wording ‘Finest Foods’. Presently while it is extremely unlikely to demonstrate that their food is the best accessible, they accept that it is. That is the best quality in advertising research in the advancement of Kudler Fine Food’s; accepting that your organization and your item is the best available. Each organization has something else to offer the customer. Regardless of whether it be an item: restorative, mechanical, attire or a help, the most ideal approach to advertise yourself and your item is by having confidence in the item or administration. References Debris, T. (2011). Why promoting is essential to your business. Recovered May 17, 2011 from http://www.articlesbase.com/viral-advertising articles/why-showcasing is-imperative to-your-business-410123.html McGonagle, J. (2009). A diagram of serious knowledge. Recovered May 17, 2011 from http://www.combsinc.com/chapt1.htm Stein, J. (2009). Why is promoting research essential to creating advertising procedure. Recovered May 17, 2011 from http://www.articlesproductions.com/f77/why-promoting research-significant creating showcasing methodology 1006/

Head Sea Defences

There are two long crotches here. These are truly impact at carrying out their responsibility. In spite of the fact that it isn't obvious from the picture how well these work, on the off chance that you go there you will see it clearly how well they carry out their responsibilities. In certain regions with long crotches, there have been huge pieces of sea shores remade. They are made out of rubble so as to hinder the enduring brought about by the waves hitting the crotches. These work by preventing residue from being hauled over the shore by the impacts of Longshore float. Their sole reason for existing was to secure the sea shore what was at that point there however have outperformed desires and added a great deal of material to the sea shore. For an away from of all the distinctive ocean barriers I did an assessment of the adequacy and Environmental (looks). Taking a gander at the chart, there is no uncertainty that the crotches are viable at what they do. For the viability they got the most noteworthy rating of 2. The size of the sea shore been reestablished back and the sum ensured is a huge sum. With an all out characteristic of 3 from a potential 4, it is clear that the crotches are aiding the security of the sea shore. The crotches lost an imprint for the manner in which they look stylishly. Being a traveler goal it was significant that Hengistbury Head is satisfying to the eye. 200m Gabion: At the top, there is a picture of the 200m Gabion which has been worked at the South Cliff. The consequence of putting the Gabion here isn't unmistakably observed however a clarification will be given. The Gabion at Hengistbury Head is a long enclosure which has been set up to keep down the stones that have been filled behind them. Additionally the enclosures retain the power of the waves and keep down the material behind them. The Gabion is working splendidly to secure the South Cliff. The individuals strolling on the land at the highest point of the enclosure would not have the option to stroll there if not for the Gabion. The Gabion forestalls drooping which stops the material falling onto the sea shore and keeps it in one consistent spot. The gabion stops the waves disintegrating the ground further down. There is a pathway which isn't obvious in this picture. This pathway wouldn't be there since the waves would have reached there if the Gabions weren't constructed and disintegrated the stones and made huge splits, making it perilous to stroll on. At long last the reason for the Gabion is to stop the waves power arriving at excessively near the land and pulverizing it. As an absolute score, the 200m Gabion faired very well, however not very well. This is a result of the - 1 it got for its Environmental Score. In the wake of seeing how the Gabion functions the image shows more than unmistakably that the adequacy of it is splendid. It does what it should accomplish more than impeccably. It has kept the waves from arriving at inland and in doing so guaranteed that the South Cliff stays safe. The Environmental Score for the 200m Gabion was low. This is on the grounds that it clashes with the regular magnificence at Hengistbury Head. This is on the grounds that plainly it has been put there and watches strange at the Top of the sea shore. Rubble Groins: This is an arrangement perspective on the East confronting precipice and the crotches that have been worked to forestall Longshore Drift. In contrast to the next picture, this picture shows unmistakably how the crotches have influenced the sea shore. The red bolts bring up the dregs that has been gotten because of the crotches. It probably won't look like a lot however in the event that you consider the material each crotch has gotten, it includes a great deal. These crotches have a similar reason as the gabion, for example prevent he waves from dissolving certain pieces of the sea shore. The crotches keep the waves from doing sea shore material to the ocean. This in the long run develops to a significant piece of the sea shore. At the top there is a chart depicting the assessment the gryones got. Since there were such a significant number of crotches present, I worked out the methods by evaluating each crotch at that point computing the mean. The all out score of the crotch is like different guards, however different safeguards lost checks because of the manner in which they look and simultaneously picked up marks from their adequacy. The picture shows that the crotches are functioning admirably, however there is more that should be mulled over. Since the crotches are simply heaps of rubble, it is more than likely that a bit of rock will be taken out into ocean by a solid wave making the stones on it tumble and fall. It will likewise not have the option to withstand the power of incredible waves. They could disintegrate during a tempest totally. This annihilations their motivation since they are generally required during storms since that is when most material is taken out to the ocean. Earth the crotches would have a higher score in the event that they were not all that a considerable lot of them present. The normal excellence of the East Cliff is addressed when such a large number of these crotches are constructed Sand Dunes: The sand rise at the top here is available at South Cliff. These are normally happening and have a wide scope of sizes. They can be anything from little slopes to colossal hills. They are most usually found at the highest point of sea shores. These are framed when winds lift the sand from the sea shores surface and are blown to the top. The sands are gotten by materials that come in their manner, for example, driftwood. Over a significant stretch of time, the sand continues getting kept in a similar territory. This in the long run becomes greater and greater and incorporates up with large hills. These hills are an ideal spot for vegetation, for example, Marram Grass to develop and flourish effectively. Some untamed life may likewise be found to settle in these hills. These rises are amazingly inclined to disintegration normally just as human contact. These ridges ingest the power from incredible waves protecting things behind them. At the top you can see the sand hills scored good grades, the best score contrasted with the various ocean guards present at Hengistbury Head. Since the ridges structure close to the bluff and are so large (in the majority of the cases), it shields it from disintegration from the ocean. As a result of this I however the sand rises merited good grades for adequacy. Since they structure normally it unquestionably merited good grades for Environment also. These hills don't watch strange since they are framed from material that is found at the ocean. They mix into the environmental factors consummately and add to the characteristic excellence of the South Cliff. Highway: At the top here you can see a picture of the highway at the East Cliff. From the image here you can see that the interstate is having no impact at all on the sea shore. It is simply present there. It is a trivial misuse of cash, time and exertion. It was given there in the goal something to do like the gabion confines for example keep the east precipice down. Since the interstate was set at a strangely low tallness there is no impact at all in safeguarding the sea shore. The boulevard has scored the most noticeably terrible contrasted with all the ocean protections present at Hengistbury Head. It accomplished a general score of - 3. As should be obvious from my above clarification there is no motivation behind why the thoroughfare ought to get a higher score. The thoroughfare might have been an extraordinary ocean guard yet the truth of the matter is this was unquestionably not the correct spot for it. It got the most reduced adequacy score therefore. Earth, I didn't give it the most noticeably awful conceivable score since taking a gander at the image cautiously, on the off chance that it wasn't worked there, a few people could experience issues descending from such a tall gabion. It might be utilized as a stage from the highest point of the gabion to the sea shore surface. That is the reason I figure it didn't look that awful earth. The first occasion when I saw it, I thought it was worked for that reason. In general the boulevard was an all out ex ercise in futility, exertion and cash that could have been utilized for different methods of ensuring Hengistbury Head. Seepage Weir: At the top you can see a picture of the seepage weir present at East Cliff. The seepage weir resembles a cascade. It is man-made and satisfies a significant reason. The motivation behind the waste weir is to deplete out and down all the water (all the more explicitly downpour water) from the precipice to keep it from turning out to be to immersed. In the event that it ever gets over soaked the result could be major drooping. In this picture you can see the waste weir working at ideal. This is on the grounds that the day we went, it was pouring vigorously. Vegetation becomes very well close to the seepage weir because of the enormous measure of new water that streams from the top. Marram grass becomes very well around it. The Marram grass additionally helps since it holds the sand together and prevents it from dissolving and falling. Taking a gander at how powerful it is in the climate this image was taken in, it shows how viable it is. The structured presentation here shows that it is as powerful as the sand rises. It has likewise scored a 4 out of a potential four. The adequacy is irrefutable as should be obvious in the above picture. The sheer measure of water streaming down from the top shows its adequacy. Without it, there would be an issue with drooping. It additionally got top scores for natural since it looks generally excellent. Taking care of business made article, it impeccably fits the earth and simultaneously satisfies its motivation. Gabion Cages: At the top you can see a picture of the gabion confines present at the East Cliff. On the off chance that you take a gander at the picture, you can see some sand at the base of the interstate. It is evident that the gabion confines are carrying out their responsibility. These gabion confines are loaded up with rocks simply like different ones. The gabion confines retain the effect from the waves and keeps them down, keeping them from arriving at the east bluff and disintegrating it. They are doing precisely this yet they are doing it well. They are halting material being hauled into the ocean and forestalling disintegration of the east precipice. The gabion confines have been put on the highway so as to have an a lot higher tallness. Likewise the highway isn't sufficiently tall to ensure the precipice. The precipices have begun to droop however the gabions have figured out how to definitely back it off. At the top you can see a picture

A Trip to Bangkok

A Trip to Bangkok As much as Im loving Hong Kong, I needed a break from all of the hustle and bustle which brought me to Bangkok. One of the perks of study abroad is that you can travel to some really cool places during your downtimeâ€"some of my friends have traveled to as many as 15 countries during their time abroad! I definitely won’t hit that number, but that’s okay. Quality over quantity, right?  And speaking of quality, Thailand was incredible. Here’s a glimpse of what each day was like: Day 1: Temples and the world’s best Pad Thai Our first stop was the Grand Palace. It’s been home to the monarchs of Thailand since it was built in 1782 (although the current King doesn’t live there), and each building is stunning. Palace selfies are a must. The Grand Palace had some of the most intricate architecture Ive ever seen. Next, we headed to the Reclining Buddha temple, which is named after exactly what it’s known for: a giant reclining statue of Buddha. There were also a bunch of courtyards filled with pagodas, or traditional South Asian towers. It was peaceful walking around and exploring, but after an entire day out in the sun, we were getting pretty hungry. The actual statue is so massive, I couldnt even get a proper photo myself!Photo Credit: CNN The pagodas. We decided to try our luck at a restaurant called Thip Samai, which is known to serve the world’s best pad thai. The line was out the door when we got there, but it moved surprisingly fast, and we were seated within 10 minutes. We ordered the most popular dishâ€"a pad thai with prawns, that comes wrapped in a thin layer of egg. I’ve had some pretty good pad thai in my lifetime, but this was definitely the bestâ€"and I don’t say this  lightly. I’d make another trip to Bangkok just to eat it again. The legendary Pad Thaiâ€"I ordered mine without the egg. Day 2: Floating Markets Bangkok is a food lover’s paradise. Every weekend, tourists and locals flock to the floating markets to do some shopping, but more importantly, to eat. Bangkok is known as the “Venice of the East” because there are multiple canals that run through the city, and vendors sell things like fresh produce directly from their boats. We went to one called Khlong Lat Mayom, and it was probably my favorite part of the trip. Vendors at the floating market. Bursts of color at the food stalls. We tried the most incredible spicy glass noodle dish with prawns. After eating as much as we possibly could, we decided to take a boat tour through the canals. Our guide navigated through the narrow passages and all the commotion from the market slowly faded away until we found ourselves in the middle of a giant lotus pond. We were surrounded by blooming flowers, and it was so quiet and peaceful. Views from the lotus pond. At night, we went to get traditional Thai foot massages. It was an interesting experience, to say the least. I’m super ticklish so I spent most of the time trying not to squirm around, but I did feel quite relaxed after the massage was over. Day 3: Beach Day We wanted to take it easy on our last day, so we headed to the beach. There are a bunch of small islands around Bangkok, but it’s a bit of a trek to get to them. We took a 5-hour bus ride and 45-minute ferry ride to get to an island called Koh Samet, and it did not disappoint. I read a book and relaxed on the beach, while sipping on some coconut water and snacking on sticky rice with mango. The white sands of Koh Samet. Coconut water was a staple on this tripâ€"I probably had two a day! We took the ferry back to Bangkok right before sunset. I came back from Bangkok so much more relaxed (and probably a couple pounds heavier). It was a much needed change of pace, and Im so grateful I could experience it with the new friends Ive made. Thailand is definitely my favorite place I’ve visited so far, but I’m going to China and Japan over spring break, so I’ll report back soon! Ria Class of 2018 I'm studying both Finance and Information Systems and Information Technology in the Gies College of Business. I’m from Los Altos, California.

Analysis Of Walden By Henry David Thoreau - 997 Words

Walden, a series of 18 essays by Henry David Thoreau published in 1854, is a record of Thoreau’s experiment in simple living on the northern shore of Walden Pond, Massachusetts. Industrial progress is a theme that Thoreau experiences while at Walden Pond. Even though Thoreau makes some elaborate claims as to why industrial progress is destructive, the exact opposite is true; as such advancement does much to benefit the relationships, economy and safety of any society. Thoreau’s overall philosophy condemns industrial progress. Thoreau believed that simplicity is good for the soul and material possessions and money can become one’s god. (www.walden.org) Henry D. Thoreau was born to John and Cynthia Thoreau in Concord, Massachusetts, on†¦show more content†¦Thoreau is buried near the graves of his friends Hawthorne, Alcott, Emerson and Channing. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote in his eulogy; â€Å"The country knows not yet, or in the least part, how great a s on it has lost†¦His soul was made for the noblest society; he had in a short life exhausted the capabilities of this world; wherever there is knowledge, wherever there is virtue, wherever there is beauty, he will find a home.† (Library of Harvard University) Thoreau, fascinated by technology, saw a series of inventions that would radically change the world. In the mid-nineteenth century he saw the invention of the power loom, railroad and the telegraph, the industrial revolution. In Thoreau’s view, technology provoked an excitement that was counterproductive because it served as a distraction from the important questions of life. â€Å"Perhaps we are led oftener by the love of novelty, and a regard for the opinions of men, in procuring it, than by a true utility.† (Walden, 21). â€Å"Our inventions are wont to be pretty toys, which distracted our attention from serious things. They are but improved means to an unimproved end, an end which it was already but too easy to arrive at; as railroads lead to Boston or New York. We are in great haste to construct a magnetic telegraph from Maine to Texas; but Maine and Texas; it may be, have nothing important to communicate.† (Thoreau Walden, 52) TheShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of Walden By Henry David Thoreau1300 Words   |  6 PagesCritical Analysis of â€Å"Walden† The autobiography â€Å"Walden† by Henry David Thoreau is a first-person narrative explaining what Thoreau personally experienced from his experiment after two years of living at Walden Pond, encompassed by nature. Thoreau isolates himself from society and martial earnings to gain a higher understanding of what it means to have freedom as an individual. He simplifies his life to get closer to nature to learn more about himself and society. If we focus too much on obtainingRead MoreAnalysis Of Walden By Henry David Thoreau1088 Words   |  5 PagesThe excerpt Walden, by Henry David Thoreau, is a piece that explores the purpose of life, especially if it isn t lived to the fullest. Thoreau starts by sharing the meaning and value of life. His idea of his personal achievement was to live life and die with a sense of peace and knowledge that he did not waste a single moment. He wanted to live life while being true to himself regardless of whether he would find life to be cruel or a wonderful place, and this was a risk he was willing to take. InRead MoreAnalysis Of Henry David Thoreau s Walden861 Words   |  4 Pagesto die tomorrow would you live differently? Henry David Thoreau in an excerpt of his book Walden addresses complex philosophical ideas including death, simplifying everyday life and religion using: carefully chosen, meditative word choice, comparisons and other philosophies and stories intended for the audience of Concord during the 1800’s. Death is uncertain; no one survives to tell of the other side, yet it perpetuates life into existence. Thoreau compares living life to sculpting and that toRead MoreAnalysis Of Henry David Thoreau s Walden 1183 Words   |  5 PagesHenry David Thoreau will go down in history as one of the greatest influential writer’s and philosophers in American history. Not only was he a smart and intelligent man, but he had such wisdom and determination when he looked at every aspect of life. Thoreau was just an ordinary individual from Concord, which helped the readers relate to him on a more personal level when they read his work. In Thoreau’s Walden, he wanted the reader to understand that you should live life more simple, connect withRead MoreTranscendentalism: Henry David Thoreau Essay1096 Words   |  5 PagesHenry David Thoreau was born on July 12, 1817 in Concord, Massachusetts. Thoreau grew up in poverty; his dad was unsuccessful and had trouble maintaining a steady jo b. Thoreau followed in his father’s footsteps, ultimately bouncing from job to job, scorned by society for his unconventional way of living and lack of income (Henry David Thoreau, Discovering Biography). Thoreau began to write with the guidance of Ralph Waldo Emerson who became one of the most important influences in his life. LivingRead MoreEgoitarianism In Henry David Thoreau1662 Words   |  7 Pagesidolized Henry David Thoreau for his transcendental ideologies seen throughout many of his works, such as â€Å"Walden†. However is this respect deserved? Thoreau critics describe him as a very conceited, hypocritical, and egotistical individual who had little respect or empathy for humanity. On the other hand, those in praise of Thoreau describe his writing as unparalleled in terms of detailed descriptions, observations, and understanding and explanation of deeper meanings. Through analysis of his writingsRead MoreHenry David Thoreau1930 Words   |  8 PagesBiograph ical Summary Henry David Thoreau was born on July 12, 1817 in Concord, Massachusetts, and was the son of John Thoreau, a pencil maker, and Cynthia Dunbar (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). Growing up in a â€Å"modest New England family,† Thoreau was one of four children and was accustomed to living practically (McElroy). As his family was â€Å"permanently poor,† he came to accept a moderate lifestyle, which may have later influenced his thoughts on the necessities of life (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). As aRead MoreThe Effect Of Transcendentalism : Henry David Thoreau1654 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effect of Transcendentalism: Henry David Thoreau Transcendentalism is the American literary, political, and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century that was rooted in the pure Romanticism of the English and the German (Goodman). Ralph Waldo Emerson is considered the father of Transcendentalism because his literature is the first to praise the notable spirituality of nature. The basic belief of the movement is to live authentically; being true to oneself (Day). The movement itselfRead MoreRelation between Men and Nature in Emerson and Thoreau680 Words   |  3 PagesApril 27 Concord and Henry David Thoreau was born in 1817 July12 in Concord and died in 1862 May 6th in Concord. (C-SPAN)Emerson was graduated from Harvard and so was the Thoreau. Henry David Thoreau was young poet of only 20 years old and Emerson was older than him. Thoreau wrote Walden in 1854 and Emerson wrote American scholar in 1837 not only that they have written many articles which was anti government such as ‘American scholar, ‘Walden ’ and many more. Emerson and Thoreau have more of comparisonRead MoreHenry David Thoreau: The Grat Transcendentalist Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesHenry David Thoreau along with a select group of people propelled the short movement of transcendentalism during the 1830s to the 1850s and was later brought up during the Vietnam War. Many of the transcendentalist ideas came from student who attended Harvard University during this time period. Henry David Thoreau’s individualistic anarchist views on society were developed throughout his early life and later refined in his years of solitude; these views on society and government are directly expressed

Essay on The Applications of Artificial Intelligence

The Applications of Artificial Intelligence Introduction Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that studies the computational requirements for tasks such as perception, reasoning, and learning, and develops systems to perform those tasks. AI is a diverse field whose researchers address a wide range of problems, use a variety of methods, and pursue a spectrum of scientific goals. For example, some researchers study the requirements for expert performance at specialized tasks, while others model commonsense processes; some researchers explain behaviors in terms of low-level processes, using models inspired by the computation of the brain, while others explain them in terms of higher-level psychological†¦show more content†¦Developing programs that can deal at a human level with rich everyday reasoning remains a fundamental research challenge. The first half-century of AI has yielded a wide range of results. AI research has illuminated the nature of reasoning problems, and the fundamental requirements for intelligent systems. AI research in the area of cognitive science has developed models that have helped to understand human cognition. Applied AI research has provided high-impact applications systems that are in daily use throughout the world. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the history of AI, sketches some major research areas, and closes by illustrating the practical impact of AI technology. The History of AI The name ``artificial intelligence dates only to the 1950s, but its roots stretch back thousands of years, into the earliest studies of the nature of knowledge and reasoning. Intelligent artifacts appear in Greek mythology; the idea of developing ways to perform reasoning automatically, and efforts to build automata to perform tasks such as game-playing, date back hundreds of years. Psychologists have long studied human cognition, helping to build up knowledge about the nature of human intelligence. Philosophers have analyzed the nature of knowledge, have studied the mind-body problem of how mental states relate to physical processes, and have explored formal frameworks for deriving conclusions. TheShow MoreRelatedAndroid Applications with Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Phones4010 Words   |  17 Pagesonto which the applications required by the user are loaded. The OS is not only a key element in terms of the tasks it performs but the choice of OS will constrain or enable the functionality of the end device in two key respects; firstly that which is technically possible with any given OS and secondly that which is available, i.e. what applications have been developed for that OS. The OS, provides a software platform on top of which other application programs can run. The application programs haveRead MoreArtificial Intelligence For Speech Recognition1178 Words   |  5 PagesName Magnus Oforji 1. Title Artificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition 2. Introduction: Research Context from siri to self-driven cars, artificial intelligence is on a rapid progression. While science fiction often portrays or visualises artificial intelligence as robots with human-like characteristics, artificial intelligence can encompass anything from google search algorithms to IBM Watson’s to Autonomous weapons. Artificial astuteness (AI) for verbalization apperception involves two fundamentalRead MoreThe Technology And Artificial Intelligence1002 Words   |  5 Pagescentury. Artificial intelligence is one part of computer science involved with making computers behave like humans. (Vangie Beal. 2015). Moreover, the Artificial Intelligence has scope very widely. Artificial Intelligence covers a broad range of techniques, which can be applied to a very wide range of application areas. (Russell, Stuart J.; Norvig Peter et al.,2003). Also, evidence will focus on the knowledge acquisition, data mining, computer vision and the search. An artificial intelligence systemRead MoreArtificial Intelligence Essay1019 Words   |  5 PagesArtificial Intelligence Introduction Today, people are interacting more and more with computers. Life is running at a microchip speed. If all computers are stopped for a day, complete civilization comes to a halt! Fifty years ago, this mightve been a science fiction, but today it is a reality. Further, with Computers being embedded in all of our life accessories like mobiles, watches, cars, even our bodies and brains there is no indication that this microchipRead MoreArtificial Intelligence for Speech Recognition1676 Words   |  7 PagesARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR SPEECH RECOGNITION THE FUTURE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION ABSTRACT: When you dial the telephone number of a big company, you are likely to hear the sonorous voice of a cultured lady who responds to your call with great courtesy saying â€Å"welcome to company X. Please give me the extension number you want† .You pronounces the extension number, your name, and the name of the person you want to contact. If the called person accepts the call, the connection is given quickly. This isRead MoreEssay on An Overview of Artificial Intelligence1748 Words   |  7 PagesAn Overview of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence, a concept that would make possible our most remote dreams, specially for housewives. Would not it be interesting to know what is this marvelous thing that is going to make our dreams come true? I think it is. AI(Artificial Intelligence) is a fairly new field in Computer Science, my subject, which I found very interesting. AI it is not a well defined concept yet, which it is not a surprise for me, considering that is a veryRead MoreArtificial Intelligence : The Science And The Future Utilization Of The Ai1349 Words   |  6 PagesThe Paper gives a brief depiction of the Artificial Intelligence in the diverse fields and the future utilization of the AI which achieves the level of human knowledge in the propelled fields of the day by day attempt and how it suffocates us into its innovation are discussed in the paper. 1.INTRODUCTION: (J.Nilsson, 2008) It is seen that computerized reasoning is assuming an extraordinary part in the research of advanced science and operational research regions.In the future intelligent machinesRead MoreComputer Science And Artificial Intelligence1712 Words   |  7 PagesComputer Science Computer science can be defined as a many number of technological variables, but is primarily defined as the science and processes of information processing in computer hardware and software, as well as its applications within. Computer science is comprised of many aspects that form a larger whole, that take a practical and theoretical approach to the capabilities of computers and how they process input and output information. With computers being conceived as early as the 1830’sRead MoreAn Analysis Of Banking Chatbots In The Banking Industry993 Words   |  4 Pages. This is possible when this algorithm ingests millions of data poits from existing information. An Artificial Intelligent company in San Fransisco called Sentient technology, running a hedge fund, has developed a machine learning algorithm that can get this done. Also, Numerai, which is another hedge fund, is using Artificia iIntelligence to make trending decisions. Banking Chatbots: Machine learning algorithm and natural languauge process are very important machineries to ensure a conversationalRead MoreArtificial Intelligence and Cognitive Reasoning1597 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresentation of a humanoid character that is in fact a machine functioning and learning new skills with artificial intelligence. The problem with these shows is that the representation of modern day artificial intelligence is largely skewed, these machines have personalities and emotions making them relatable to humans when they are still just a very elaborate computer program. Artificial intelligence is the cognitive ability to solve problems, recognize patterns, and have the capability to learn, with

Is the Internet a New Medium Essay - 1101 Words

Internet as a medium has been a thoroughly discussed topic, especially in recent years with the rise of the World Wide Web. Analysis of relevant literature in the topic shows that the internet is not a new medium. This argument can be shown by looking more in depth into what defines a medium and what defines the internet. From that analysis by looking from a historical point of view the internet can be seen as an old medium which uses re-mediation to deliver content to users. The connection between internet and its users has helped the internet influence the way media is viewed today. Although the internet is not a new medium the content it presents is new. The advances in technology have helped the use of the internet reach new heights in†¦show more content†¦Now, the internet has blossomed into an all encompassing way to deliver content to users. The internet now helps connect the worlds computers in a very large network. Through the use of packet switching technologies th e internet now is a primary medium for many industries. The internet may be one of the newer widely used mediums, however by no means is it new. As of this the writing of this essay, the internet is almost half a century old. As time progressed, the internet applied a method of remediation and placed media from other mediums onto the internet to give give a similar yet refreshing view of media of old. Media on the internet is vast and diverse. This is in part due to advances in technology which digitise older forms of media and higher internet speeds which make it more readily available to the masses. Media on the internet can have originated from the internet or it can have been previously accessible on another medium then uploaded onto the internet. This is a process known a remediation. Remediation has helped the internet become an easily versatile and accessible medium. Remediation is the use of one mediums content (or media) in another. To find instances of this one can look at news articles, television shows and radio shows. All of these media which originated on other mediums of print, television and radio, now co-exist as news websites, video sharing websites and podcasts. This aspect of the internet makes it a mediumShow MoreRelated The Internet as a New Medium of Communication Essay1920 Words   |  8 PagesThe internet, a new medium of communication that allows us to communicate over large distances with an impressive outcome, the internet has improved long distance communication with its ever growing means of communicating. In this essay I will elaborate on my understanding on the internet as a new medium of communication, I will also state relevant theories and examples to back up my result. â€Å"The paradigm of the new mode of communication and clearly the emerging infrastructure for the hypermediaRead MoreEssay on Development of Mass Media1402 Words   |  6 PagesMany forms of mass media exist: radio, television, film, internet, email, blogs etc. Yet how these forms of media contribute to the growth of media, was never asked? Some would say that its solely because of the variety mediums, some would say that mediums was built for the 20th century, and some would say that mediums were destined and directed to grow to this point. Ever since the first form of mass media in the late 15th century called print, the dynamics of mass media continued to blossom. MassRead More Internet: The Newest Mass Medium Essay931 Words   |  4 PagesInternet: The Newest Mass Medium In order to analyze the Internet as a mass medium, we first have to look at the original intentions of the Internet. Originally the Internet was utilized strictly by the government and educational institutions. Its primary purposes were research and education, although it soon became a form of entertainment for a portion of the population through games, chat, and email. The idea of using the Internet for entertainment and commercial use was outrageous to theRead MoreEffects of Technological Advances806 Words   |  4 Pagesdominant medium to the modern era where the internet has emerged as the dominant medium the field of journalism has experienced colossal growth, development, and evolvement. The changes caused by the gradual introduction of new and more efficient mediums consistently affected journalism and the way journalists delivered content to the public. Prior to the concept of broadcasting, newspapers were the primary means of communication in society. Initially newspapers were a means of spreading news, usuallyRead More Electronic Publishing: The future of the media industry? Essay1718 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause everyone has their opinion. Some people feel that this industry is a flash in the pan, but others feel quite differently. The Internet is expanding second by second and the information that is on this medium is astounding. Newspapers and magazines have jumped into a type of publishing called internet publishing, or electronic publishing, in which the Internet becomes the primary place to find information about the particular company. Organizations like Syracuse Online have used this type ofRead MoreInnovation Case Study: Knight Ridder1583 Words   |  6 Pagesperspective on the growth of the internet and its relation to print media. In 2002, Knight Ridder was the second largest newspaper publishing company in North Amer ica by circulation. The company published thirty one daily newspapers and twenty five weekly publications. However, the company was also in a similar market position during the internets rise to being a ubiquitous feature in modern society. The case outlines many of the developments that occurred as this new medium quickly began to erode theRead MoreThe Cultural Revolution Of The Internet1112 Words   |  5 PagesThis media study will define the cultural revolution of the Internet and the interpersonal democratization of new media in the 21st century. The expansion of the Internet in the 2000s defines a new era of greater democratization of social interactions that were not possible through the use of the TV and Radio. In the 20th century, the power of TV and Radio did not provide an interactive platform in which people could share information in a democratic way. The increase use of social networking websitesRead MoreThe Perception Of Media During The 20th Century1067 Words   |à ‚  5 Pagesadvanced and changed the worlds perception of media during the 20th century. â€Å"The medium is the message† is said to be one of the most famous statements in history as it focuses towards the overall idea of media, studying the traits and effects of the senses of an individual. Though he is hailed as an influential figure of the internet age, having understood the power of the internet long before anyone else, many new things have been introduced to the world of media today. Whether it is an app toRead MoreMedia Plan For Izze Sparkling Soda769 Words   |  4 Pagesassignment #4: Media Plan for IZZE Sparkling Soda The media we chose to put an emphasis on is radio, Internet and cable television. The percentages for each are radio 40%, Internet 30% and cable television 30%. For radio we have strategically chosen to place our advertisements on the weekday morning drive time from 6am to 10am and on weekends from 7pm to midnight. The vehicles chosen for Internet are the websites iTunes, ESPN and iHeart Radio. For Cable Television services we have chosen the vehiclesRead MoreThe Difference Between Building a Powerful Online Brand or Building a Powerful Brand Online1046 Words   |  5 Pagesbuilding a powerful brand online. The Internet is seen as a new marketing model, especially for direct marketing. Although it offers exciting potential for marketing communications (MarCom), it can rarely stand alone as a brand-building tool just as direct marketing cannot. Companies should utilize the Internet as a marketing mechanism, not the marketing mechanism, and strategically fit it into the overall MarCom mix. Many marketers are separating the Internet from the MarCom mix, forming independent

Paro En La UNAM Essay Example For Students

Paro En La UNAM Essay I. INTRODUCCINLa historia de mi pas, Mxico, est llena de ejemplos de lucha permanente entre los intereses de una minora que est en la riqueza y una mayora en la pobreza. Es claro que la riqueza de unos cuantos se ha basado en el poder poltico, lo que implica total control y manejo del pueblo como les venga en gana, utilizando la represin contra quienes se han opuesto al desorden social. Diversos movimientos como la Independencia, la Reforma, el movimiento de los estudiantes del 68 y las ms recientes luchas contra lo llamado neoliberalismo que no es ms que privatizacin y liberalismo, que es contrario al Estado de Bienestar, abandonando una poltica que socialice los beneficios del desarrollo econmico. sta, refleja la lucha de los de abajo contra los de arriba. Pero lo que nuestros actuales gobernantes no se han dado cuenta o no le han tomado la debida importancia, es que abajo se viene construyendo, aunque lentamente, un proyecto de nacin que sea demcrata, en el que quepamos todos, en el que priven los intereses generados sobre los de aquellos que buscan un beneficio personal. Un pas en el que se garantice el derecho de todos a una vida digna. Que la salud, educacin, vivienda, trabajo, alimentacin y la participacin en la vida poltica del pas sean puestos al alcance de todos. El conflicto de la Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, ha sido un captulo ms, una forma ms de demostrar que en Mxico hay descontento. Que principalmente la Juventud se ha hartado y est temerosa de que el neoliberalismo entre a nuestro pas (sino es que ya ha entrado). La actual generacin, no tiene a un Emiliano Zapata, ni un Ernesto Che Guevara, no tienen un lder porque segn su ideologa ellos no necesitan lderes, lo nico que necesitan es el corazn y la unin entre mexicanos. Se podra decir que admiro a estos miles de jvenes que ante la amenaza de ser aplastados por la minora de arriba pero con mucho poder, se levantaron, y estn en pie de lucha, y que aunque se ha salido de sus manos, no hay duda que acciones como esta quedarn marcadas y lamentablemente seguirn sucediendo por defender o adquirir la democracia y un Mxico sin engaos, ni manipulado. Este conflicto ha sido un tema que ha generado controversia y que de alguna u otra forma ha estado en los pensamientos de miles de mexicanos y diferentes personas a travs del mundo. El que un movimiento iniciado por diferentes estudiantes, maestros y catedrticos cansados de tanta impunidad, autoritarismo, de la intolerancia y la represin que existe en nuestro pas decidan tomar la mxima casa de estudios superiores de Mxico, la UNAM, SU UNIVERSIDAD, para la lucha por la educacin gratuita, masiva y de calidad es una muestra de unin y espritu que existe entre la nueva generacin de mexicanos. Precisamente ese es el motivo del estallo de la huelga, esta ceguera y sordera polticas, este pensamiento autoritario de quienes se sienten la Universidad, fueron lo que finalmente hizo estallar la huelga universitaria de fin de siglo, con el mpetu y la conviccin de que la UNAM no puede continuar por la senda neoliberal y autoritaria de los ltimos aos. El CGH( Consejo General de Huelga) busca el acceso a la educacin y, en particular, a la Universidad de todos aquellos que por razones econmicas han sido excluidos o expulsados de ella. Si bien es cierto, en nuestro pas la educacin gratuita ha venido despus de varias cosas, su importancia ha venido decayendo. Es increble saber que los dirigentes y gobernantes de mi pas les den ms importancia a los fraudes polticos y econmicos, que se dediquen a pagar grandes deudas generadas por personas que lo nico que han conseguido es hacerse ms ricas, dejando a su pueblo en crisis, sin recursos econmicos para sobresalir o salir adelante. El levantamiento de Huelga o mejor dicho paro universitario, no es algo que debe asombrarnos ya que en Mxico y en los pases subdesarrollados estn hartos del mal trato y mal manejo que ha tenido su gobierno, de no ser escuchados ni tomados en cuenta en sus decisiones, de mantenerlos ciegos ante una cruda realidad. La resistencia social es la misma en todos los rincones del pas. Desde hace ya algunos meses los estudiantes de la UNAM desbordaron una vez ms las calles de la ciudad y pusieron a su universidad en paro total por dos motivos fundamentales: la solidaridad y la resistencia. Solidaridad con las prximas generaciones de jvenes que hoy corren el riesgo de ver perjudicadoun derecho social, indispensable para el desarrollo de todo Estado, como es la educacin. Solidaridad con quienes no deben permitir cambiar la libertad de continuar sus estudios por la funcin social que intenta prescribirles una administracin. Solidaridad con aquellos que, no estn en posibilidad de articular por s mismos un movimiento organizado para mantener su esperanza de llegar a ser profesionistas. Solidaridad con la libertad de elegir un proyecto de vida propio. Estas solidaridades se han manifestado en los diversos estudiantes que se saben defensores de una identidad, de una etapa insustituible de la vida, de una vida cotidiana LIBRE. El otro motivo de los estudiantes quienes inter rumpieron sus clases y tareas para marchar en comunidad, es el de la resistencia. Resistencia frente a un rgimen cuyas estructuras autoritarias se ven reflejadas en la actuacin de las autoridades universitarias. Estructuras que impiden el dilogo y optan por la imposicin. La solidaridad estudiantil va seguida de resistencia, como al entusiasmo le sigue la organizacin. Por ello, la propuesta del rector Francisco Barns tiene la gran virtud de haber despertado un motor prioritario de la organizacin social que hoy se requiere para articular las distintas resistencias a un gobierno que ha optado por los banqueros a costa de olvidar al resto de familias que lo eligieron. La propuesta de aumento de cuotas presentada por el Rector Barns ha desatado nuevamente la polmica y una fuerte y organizada oposicin universitaria. Aunque en realidad es el tercer intento en los ltimos aos. Es por eso que mis compaeros y yo hemos decidido hoy hacer una investigacin sobre la actual situacin que vive la edu cacin en nuestro pas, en cmo una generacin est luchando por el beneficio de las que vengan. Nos interesa nuestro pas y nos entristece ver cmo nuestros gobernantes nos engaan, de tanta impunidad, de todo lo que ha causado el mal gobierno. Se les ha olvidado a los gobernantes mexicanos que Mxico tiene una constitucin en donde existen derechos sociales, entre ellos la educacin. La educacin consiste en la preparacin y el desarrollo de los individuos para que puedan enfrentarse correctamente al problema de satisfacer sus necesidades, como personas y como miembros de una sociedad; la educacin debe buscar el MEJORAMIENTO ECONMICO, SOCIAL Y CULTURAL DE TODAS LAS PERSONAS; el conocimiento de nuestra REALIDAD NACIONAL; la conservacin de nuestras costumbres, la garanta de la INDEPENDENCIA econmica y poltica, el aprecio por la dignidad de la familia, y el fomento de los ideales. Dnde queda esto?, A todo este conflicto que abarca tantas cosas, mis compaeros y yo nos hacemos esta pregunta: Cul es la importancia de la autntica funcin social en la UNAM, dentro de todos sus componentes estructurales? (Universitarios, autoridades, catedrticos). Es indiscutible que nicamente se puede aspirar al desarrollo si se cuenta con una poblacin capacitada e informada, dispuesta a participar en los procesos de cambio social. Pero, para el gobierno de lo que se trata es de ir debilitando poco a poco la educacin pblica pisoteando su autonoma para que el sector privado tenga al final el control de que se ensea y que no se ensea en Mxico. As, hemos llegado a esta hiptesis: No desviar su finalidad de formar profesionistas que se integren al desarrollo de Mxico porque al haber adquirido una preparacin en una universidad para el pueblo y del pueblo, adquieren un compromiso social. El hablar de un tema tan importante y a la vez tan extenso empezaremos por mencionar lo que ha sido causa de crisis en la UNAM. Es claro que dentro de una institucin tan grande, como lo es la mxima casa de estudios supe riores de Mxico o mejor conocida como la UNAM, se tiene que hablar de todos sus componentes de su estructura universitaria. Se comenzar por hablar por los que se ha generado este choque que son las autoridades y los estudiantes. En el desarrollo de este movimiento universitario, los mismos universitarios se han dividido en lo que seran los paristas pertenecientes al CGH y los no paritas o antiparistas. stos ltimos creen en la aplicacin de la ley. Dentro de la crisis que a nuestro parecer existe en la UNAM, existe el conjunto de circunstancias que acompaan este suceso o lo que bien se podra decir el contexto. Dentro de ste, se mencionar un elemento que ha sido importante en todo el desarrollo de este movimiento que es el Gobierno. Mencionamos el Gobierno, porque la mayora de los argumentos que tienen los paristas lo hacen en contra de ste. Sucesivamente hablaremos de un medio que bien o mal ha servido a la poblacin en general para enterarse de lo que pasa dentro y fuera de este paro universitario, nos referimos a los medios de comunicacin, en los que se incluir tanto los medios nacionales como los internacionales. Dentro de todo lo que ha envuelto este paro universitario diversas propuestas o peticiones han sido expuestas. Es por eso que incluiremos dentro del desarrollo de la investigacin tanto las propuestas de autoridades universitarias, como las del CGH. El desenvolvimiento de la Huelga debe generar cambios y a la vez consecuencias. Se hablar y discutir de consecuencias econmicas y sociales. Ya habiendo planteado estas consecuencias se har memoria de los sucesos universitarios con parecido al presente movimiento, que servirn como un claro ejemplo de demostrar o darnos una idea del desenvolvimiento que este paro origina. Al lanzarse en Huelga en pos del logro de las 6 demandas del pliego petitorio, los estudiantes han contrado un compromiso ante todo el pueblo de Mxico. A la vez las autoridades y maestros, que forman parte de esta casa de estudios, y que de alguna forma estn involucrados en este movimiento tambin adquieren un compromiso. Al hablar de un tema tan relevante e importante para la historia y el desarrollo de nuestro pas, nuestro principal objetivo es saber qu est pasando dentro del mismo. Queremos entender por qu el gobierno mexicano con estas medidas est negando a su juventud, a las nuevas generaciones la educacin. II CRISIS EN LA UNAM A varios meses de haber empezado un paro universitario ha habido disputas entre estudiantes y autoridades de la misma. Por un lado los estudiantes hartos de una universidad en la que no hay una participacin universitaria con democracia. Estos estudiantes que piden a gritos una Universidad abierta para todos. Por otro lado est rectora (autoridades), que ant e un plan del ex rector Francisco Barns han causado un levantamiento no slo de miles de universitarios, sino que tambin del pueblo mexicano harto de tantas promesas sin cumplir y de tanta impunidad. La juventud, principalmente, es la que ya no busca un nivel de vida mediocre, sino que buscan educacin con calidad para as poder combatir en un mundo en que cada da es ms difcil sobrevivir. A. Componentes de la Estructura Universitaria1. Autoridades (rectora)En el desarrollo de la Huelga Universitaria, las autoridades de la Universidad han insistido que ellos buscan una forma pacfica para salir de este movimiento. Segn ellos lo que buscan es la reanudacin de clases lo ms pronto posible ya que la universidad es la encargada de formar personas crticas con preparacin profesional de nivel adecuado. Entonces por qu las autoridades universitarias se han cerrado a generar los cambios slo ante una pequea parte de la universidad, si supuestamente la universidad debe generar sus cambios con una universidad abierta, dejando un gran nmero de estudiantes incapaces de seguir formndose para poder seguir cumpliendo con la funcin social de la Universidad formar profesionistas capaces?La UNAM no puede ser, sin duda, el patrimonio de unos cuantos y ahora es el momento de discutir todo lo que est pasando. Empezar por mencionar o recordar que el conflicto en la UNAM inici gracias a la falta de criterio y necedad del ex rector Francisco Barns. El Ex rector propone un Reglamento General de Pagos, que postula alza en las cuotas, trmites, uso de equipo, laboratorios y exmenes. La manera precipitada e ilegtima en que aprob dicho reglamento, adems del contenido en si y de la intransigencia de Barns ha provocado nuevamente la reaccin estudiantil. A pesar de ya haber tenido experiencias anteriores a las reacciones de los universitarios a el aumento de cuotas, Barns no razon y prefiri hacerle caso a los pinos y alzar las cuotas para as sacar dinero para solventar los gastos y las deudas que Mxico ha contrado. A varios meses de huelga universitaria, los actores principales del conflicto son rectora y los paristas, ambos mantienen sus posturas radicales de no ceder ni un paso atrs. En donde, supuestamente, el propsito de la universidad es el de darle las condiciones para cumplir su ms alto destino: el de la cultura, sobre la que habr de sentarse ese mundo y ese Mxico mejor al q ue todos aspiramos. Lamentablemente las autoridades universitarias han tomado el control de la Universidad para hacerla una forma de crear dinero, pero ni siquiera para el beneficio de la misma universidad, sino para que poco a poco sta se privatice. Es increble como el ex rector Francisco Barns teniendo el problema en sus manos, pudiendo haber evitado tantos meses de huelga universitaria, que han generado perdidas tanto econmicas como morales, no cedi ante la amenaza de huelga que vena sobre de l si pona en marcha su plan de alza de pagos. A principios de marzo, unos das antes de que el Consejo Universitario aprobara las modificaciones al Reglamente General de Pagos (RGP), el fisilogo Ren Drucker Coln advirti al rector Francisco Barns: Si usted aprueba esa propuesta en las condiciones que plantean sus asesores, entonces va a estallar una huelga estudiantil y van a valer madres su proyecto de cuotas, la Universidad y su propia cabeza. Esto es un claro ejemplo de la impunidad del ex rector, que ante la amenaza de acabar con lo ms preciado, la educacin. No hizo nada para evitarlo, ya que el rector estaba convencido de que no habra mayor resistencia estudiantil a su proyecto. Pero se equivoc, ya que se olvid que Mxico es un pas en donde su gente se est dando cuenta de lo que est pasando, de la impunidad y de los engaos del gobierno. En donde la juventud ya no cree en su gobierno, sino que busca prepararse para poder as salir adelante, como individuos. Pero qu es lo que se encuentran los estudiantes, con unas autoridades que sin deberla ni temerla deciden subir las colegiaturas, haciendo la educacin superior difcil de conseguirla, que est limitada para el que pueda pagarla ms no para el que quiera estudiar en ella. Rectora no hizo caso y pag las consecuencias, un paro que sigue vivo pese a las amenazas y las agresiones. Las autoridades estaban convencidas que tarde o temprano los estudiantes iban acabar rindindose y haciendo lo que ellos pidieran, es por eso que no se tomaron la molestia de hacer ninguna propuesta o peticin durante el mandato de Barns. Sino todo lo contrario, se escondieron y tomaron un buen lugar para disfrutar el espectculo en que miles estudiantes, inconformes del manejo de su universidad, se levantaron en huelga, generando un movimiento que marcar a nuestro pas para siempre. Barns ha sealado que de seguir el paro lo mejor, ser cerrar definitivamente la mxima casa de estudios. Esta fue la nica propuesta del ex rector Barns, pero lo mejor para quin?. El cierre de la UNAM no significa slo clausurar un espacio educativo, es algo ms profundo que ni el rector ni los paristas han tomado en cuenta, es dar por concluido todo un proyecto de nacin, por el que diversos revolucionarios lucharon a principio de siglo XX. Y Barns, ante su falta de importancia e impunidad, no le importano le importa acabar con lo nico con lo que un mexicano puede defenderse SU EDUCACIN. Barns demostr durante su mandato lo poco que le interesa conocer la opinin de miles de universitarios sobre la necesidad de transformar democrticamente nuestra Universidad. Siempre que sala a la luz pblica, Barns se justificaba diciendo que utilizando lo nicos medios que tiene que son el dilogo y el uso de la razn, pero que ante grupos radicales como los paritas no los puede utilizar y no va usar la fuerza pblica. No los poda utilizar o mejor dicho no los poda volver a engaar y hacer lo que l quisiera?. Durante casi 7 meses de Huelga, a eso se dedic Barns a ocultarse a olvidar a la universidad, solamente tirando amenazas de que la Universidad iba ser cerrada definitivamente. Hasta dnde puede llegar el cinismo de nuestros gobernantes? cmo es posible que jueguen con el futuro de una nacin?. El ex rector simplemente se ausent todo ese tiempo, sin proponer nada, sin batallar y ni siquiera razonar que si estn en huelga es precisamente por l, por su ineptitud y fcil manejo que tiene. No renunciar, advirti una y otra vez el rector Francisco Barns durante los casi siete meses de huelga que le toc enfrentar. Pero bast una llamada desde Los Pinos para que cancelara su viaje al puerto de Veracruz, el viernes 12 de noviembre, donde recibira el apoyo de los rectores del pas, reunidos en la Asociacin Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educacin Superior ( ANUIES). A las 22:20 horas de ese da dio a conocer su renuncia. Y bien, renunci Barns pero lo nico que dej fue una universidad en donde se hizo una lejana mayor entre rectora y paristas. El que viniera a relevarlo tendra un trabajo difcil. La renuncia era algo que los estudiantes universitarios ya haban venido pidiendo ya que con el ex rector, no podan conseguir otra cosa ms que reclamos de ellos pero nunca odos. El tiempo que la Universidad, y por lo mismo, toda su estructura haba perdido era mucho, y lo que se quera evitar era eso, acabar con el bloqueo de clases pero de qu forma?. El viernes 12 de noviembre , entr al relevo el secretario de Salud, Juan Ramn de la Fuente, excoordinador de Ciencias y exidrector de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM. Pronto dej ver el nuevo rector sus dotes de negociador, al grado de desconcertar a los ultras del movimientoDurante su toma de protesta, el viernes 19 de noviembre, De la Fuente dijo que no haba otro camino que la construccin de un gran consenso universitario. Y, ante un millar de universitario, reunidos en el Palacio de Minera, convoc:Retomemos todos aquellos planteamientos que avizoran una solucin y todas aquellas propuestas de quienes piensan que no han sido escuchados para analizarlas y discutirlas. Me refiero, sobre todo, a los alumnos que se han optado por el paro. Los invito a dialogar, con el respeto que nos merecemos uno sy otros, en la mejor tradicin universitaria. Un dilogo que permita ya avanzar en la solucin del conflicto. A primera instancia se puede ver que el nuevo rector tiene ganas de actuar, de dialogar y de resolver este problema pero cmo hacerle creer a los miles de paristas que despus de tantos engaos se niegan a vivir un engao ms?. Despus de haber vivido 7 meses de Huelga sin ningn intento firme de solucin al problema por parte de rectora, resulta difcil de comprender que en poco tiempo el nuevo rector quiera convencer a los paristas a un dilogo. Las autoridades universitarias, a pesar de ser formadas por diversos catedrticos y maestros, desde el inicio de Huelga, estos han sido reducidos a lo que decida el rector haciendo referencia al presidente. S, suena difcil de comprender pero es cierto, los miembros de las autoridades universitarias estaban imposibilitados hacer cualquier demanda que no fuera antes aceptada por el presidente. A todo esto slo me hago otra pregunta por qu si supuestamente la universidad debe generar sus cambios con una universidad abierta, en la que participen cada uno de los que la conforman, rectora se ha empeado en meter al presidente y diversos rganos gubernamentales? 2 . EstudiantesLos otros y a mi parecer los ms importantes protagonistas de este movimiento son los estudiantes. No hay duda que los estudiantes universitarios quieren una universidad abierta para todos. Que la exclusin de alguien no sea por razones econmicas, y que para garantizar esto la Universidad debe de ser gratuita y deben mejorar las condiciones de estudio. Estas peticiones resultan obvias, es por eso que una gran parte de la comunidad universitaria se uni al paro organizando el llamado CGH (Consejo General de Huelga), en el que a los integrantes se les denominara paristas. Pero como en todo movimiento, no importando que ests de un lado o del otro siempre va ver personas que se opongan a tus ideales. Tal vez lo hagan por miedo, por conformidad o cualquier otro pretexto. En el movimiento de la UNAM esto no fue la excepcin, ya que a pesar de ser un movimiento por el bien de los estudiantes, tambin surgieron los que se oponan a este, los antiparistas. Why the H is Everything Censored EssayLos paristas nunca pudieron contrarrestar el peso de la propaganda que los descalificaba. Pero nunca atacaron a quienes , como La Crisis, los apoyaron. Al ver, que casi ningn medio los apoyaba los paristas decidieron hacer sus propios medios de comunicacin. Ellos hicieron su propio peridico que lo ponan a disposicin de la poblacin que pudiera ver a los paristas boteando y vendiendo el peridico. Tambin hicieron diversos volantes que repartan en esquinas y en centros de reunin en la capital. En busca de que sus ideales fueran comprendidos por la comunidad mexicana, tambin elaboraron pginas en internet en las que se puede encontrar diversa informacin que rodea al movimiento. La radio tambin jug un papel importante, aunque los paristas no hablan mucho de este medio. Para los estudiantes, Radio Red fue la radiodifusora que cre un ambiente en contra de los estudiantes al llamarlos seudoestudiantes, y de esta manera convocar a los paristas al linchamiento. Ante esto, los estudiantes sacaron al aire una estacin de radio, llamada la k-huelga, en la que se exponan al aire los diversos acontecimientos del movimiento, as como msica y mensajes a la poblacin. Suena un poco favoritista el que slo se hable de lo que los paristas resienten ante los medios de comunicacin. Pero, hay que darse cuenta que las autoridades y los moderados tuvieron a la mano los medios de comunicacin con ms audiencia. Ellos tuvieron preferencia, y lo peor es que la mayora de los mexicanos ha credo en eso. III. PROPUESTAS O PETICIONES. Dentro del desarrollo de este movimiento diversas propuestas o peticiones fueron expuestas a travs de las autoridades y el CGH. A. AutoridadesLas autoridades y sus propuestas han sido negadas por el CGH y en un principio por una mayora de estudiantes. Sus propuestas empiezan cuando Francisco Barns de Castro (ex rector de la UNAM desde el 6 de enero de 1997), el 11 de Febrero de 1999 envi al Consejo Universitario una propuesta de modificacin al Reglamento General de Pagos (RGP), que bsicamente consista en aumentar las cuotas que pagan los estudiantes del Bachillerato, licenciatura y de posgrado. Esta propuesta se saba que era una amenaza, que terminara con una Huelga universitaria, a la cual no se le dio importancia y creyeron que no iba a ver reclamo alguno, pero se equivocaron. La propuesta fue aprobada por el pleno del Consejo Universitario el 15 de marzo y que entrara en Vigor cinco meses despus, es decir comenzando el nuevo semestre de agosto de 1999. Esto desat un rechazo inmedi ato entre una parte de la comunidad universitaria, lo que antes era la Asamblea Estudiantil Universitaria se transformara en el Consejo General de Huelga (CGH), organismo que mantuvo paralizadas las actividades de la mxima casa de estudio s desde el 20 de abril ante la amenaza y el riesgo de perder un derecho civil que es la educacin gratuita y de calidad. La aprobacin, por parte del Consejo Universitario, de cuotas que deberan pagar los de Bachillerato, que seran 516.75 pesos y de Licenciatura que pagaran 689 pesos fue el comienzo de un gran movimiento universitario. Las piedras en el camino para hacer un acuerdo entre universitarios y rectora empezaban por la apata y necedad de su rector. El 4 de marzo el rector descarta discutir con estudiantes opositores a su propuesta. Ante esta decisin los estudiantes hacen una nueva protesta estudiantil contra las cuotas. Barns un da despues se declara dispuesto a dialogar sobre las cuotas en trminos propositivos, ya que reconoce que la mitad de los estudiantes desconocen su propuesta. Ante simples promesas los estudiantes hacen un paro de 90,000 estudiantes. Tras esto, es obvio que hubo descontento de los universitarios por lo que pidieron la renuncia de Barns y deciden realizar paros escalonados en las diferentes escuelas y facultades. A Barns no le import, y a finales de ese mes (25 de marzo) rechaza renunciar el RGP. Despus de esto y de seguir hacindose notar actitudes de represin, la huelga comenzara. La ineptitud del ex rector se hizo notar, ya que no importndole esto l decidi no dara marcha atrs por ningn motivo a su propuesta. Pasaron varias semanas en la que rectora no se hizo presente, en cambio la huelga universitaria cada da iba adquiriendo ms simpatizantes y a la vez poder. Los das pasaban y hasta el 4 de Junio, Francisco Barns anunci que presentar ante el CU una propuesta para conferir a los pagos de carcter de aportaciones voluntarias, ya no obligatorias. Un par de horas despus, la Comisin de legislacin del Consejo Universitario aprob la abrogacin del Reglamento General de Pagos. Poco despus de conocer la resolucin del rector, el CGH resolvi desconocer a Barns de Castro como interlocutor y exigir su renuncia ante su incapacidad por resolver el conflicto universitario. A finales de mes, se haba programado una junta entre el CGH y autoridades, la cual no se llev acabo porque no aceptaron las condiciones fijadas por sus contrapartes. El 5 de Julio el CGH se reuni por primera vez, en un auditorio del Palacio de Minera con la Comisin de Encuentro de la Rectora y lograron los primeros acuerdos para establecer el formato y la agenda de dilogo. Al da siguiente la segunda parte de la reunin entre los delegados del CGH y la CE concluy entre acusaciones mutuas, sin ms acuerdos que los alcanzados, y sin fecha aceptada por ambas partes para continuar las plticas. Seis das ms tarde la CE de la Rectora modific su propuesta de agenda para el dilogo con el CGH y tcticamente acept la discusin de los 6 puntos del pliego petitorio estudiantil, pero exigi que se acepte el levantamiento del paro y se entreguen las instalaciones. Unos das despus la CE afirma que no regresar a la mesa de negociaciones con el CGH, mientras no acepten por escrito la agenda presentada por las autoridades, la cual incluye la discusin de sus demandas. En respuesta, el vocero en turno del CGH, Jess Lozano, dijo: Si ellos plantean la ruptura, nosotros seguimos insistiendo en la va del dilogo. Las oportunidades de dilogo y de resolucin a la huelga cada da se alejaban ms. El 3 de Agosto Rectora anuncia que el 16 comenzarn las clases con o sin paro y Barns se declara dispuesto a analizar la propuesta de los emritos siempre y cuando los paristas acepten el documento como punto de partida. Cuatro das despus, Barns sigue mostrando su ineptitud al decir que de seguir el paro lo mejor ser cerrar definitivamente las puertas de la mxima casa de estudios. Ante posturas as, qu se puede esperar?. Resulta increble como rectora comandada por el ultra neoliberal Barns, no encuentre otra forma de arreglar sus asuntos ms que con amenazas tontas. NO puede ser que los universitarios les pidan a gritos que resuelvan el conflicto para que puedan seguir estudiando, seguir formndose para servir a Mxico, y estas incapaces autoridades se escondan. Mucho tiempo pas de aqu en adelante y lo nico que hizo rectora fue esconderse, negarse y a observar como una huelga universitaria avanzaba. Al mismo tiempo las quejas contra el rector crecan, tanto por paristas como por diversos integrantes de la Universidad. Finalmente el 12 de noviembre, un llamado de Los Pinos, hace a Barns cancelar un viaje a Veracruz para encontrarse con los rectores del pas reunidos en la Asociacin Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educacin Superior (ANUIES). A las 22:20 horas se dio a conocer su renuncia. Sus motivos fueron: La intrnasigencia de grupos radicales que se han adueado de la conduccin del movimiento, la injerencia de grupos radicales que se han adueado de la conduccin del movimiento, la injerencia de grupos polticos ajenos a la vida universitaria y el clima de impunidad que ha prevalecido.Lo que se esperaba era un nuevo camino para la UNAM, el cual era difcil de encontrar. El 18 de diciembre Juan Ramn de la Fuente ( Secretario de Salud) es designado rector para el periodo 1999-2003 por la Junta de Gobierno. El nuevo rector dej ver sus dotes de negociador, al grado de desconcertar a los ultras del movimiento. Un claro ejemplo es que durante su toma de protesta el 19 de noviembre convoc:Retomemos todos aquellos planteamientos que avizoran una solucin y todas aquellas propuestas de quienes piensa que no han sido escuchados para analizarlas y discutirlas. Los inivito a dialogar, con el respeto que nos merecemos unos y otros, en la mejor tradicin universitaria. Un dilogo que pe rmita ya avanzar en la solucin del conflicto. De la Fuente daba la imagen que Barns nunca tom, la de dialogar directamente con los paristas. As, despus de varios meses de iniciada la huelga, se abra otra vez la posibilidad de una solucin. La labor de De la Fuente ha sido ms pensada que la de Barns, y en su poco tiempo de rector Barnes propuso diversas propuestas ante el CGH. La primera fue la del dilogo en Palacio de Minera, a la cual el CGH acepta acudir. En donde en asamblea resuelven llegar con el carcter de interlocutor nico de las autoridades universitarias. Cuatro das despus de esta reunin, rectora se neg a firmar los primeros cuatro puntos de acuerdo con paristas. Unos das despus firman Rectora y el CGH los primeros cuatro acuerdos y se reconoce al Consejo como nico interlocutor. Tuvieron que pasar varios das para que haya una nueva propuesta. El 5 de enero del 2000 el rector propone la suspensin del RGP, sin embargo, los paristas rechazaron su propuesta por no cumplir con los 6 puntos del pliego petitorio. Cinco das ms tarde el rector reitera llamado al CGH para que se sume al proceso de reforma y se suspenden las negociaciones por segunda ocasin con el CGH. El 13 de enero el CGH aceptan el plebiscito y dicen que reconocern los resultados. El 18 y el 19 el CGH realiza su consulta ciudadan en la que se pregunta si se est de acuerdo con la propuest a del rector y si se levanta la huelga. Este plebiscito const de dos preguntas Usted apoya o no la propuesta del rector? Y Considera usted que con esta propuesta debe concluir o no la huelga de la universidad?. Al otro da fue la realizacin del Plebiscito de la propuesta del rector de la Fuente. Este fue un intento ms fallido de rectora, a pesar de que s hubo mayor participacin de universitarios, se jug con mentira. En un artculo escrito por un dirigente parista dice: El plebiscito de las autoridades recuerda el reciente nombramiento del seor labastida como candidato presidencial del PRI. La direccin de este partido anunci 8 millones de votos y les resultaron 10 millones. El plebiscito de la autoridad, capitaneado por Jos Narro, (formado en las mismas entraas del partido del fraude), anuncia que ms de 100 mil y nos sale con que fueron ms de 150,000. El mismo fraude. Todo esto permite asegurar que la cantiadad de sufragante est ya registrada en los escritorios de las autoridades; lo d ems es simplemente el teatro que justifique la cantidad por ellos acordada.Finalmente lo que pudo haber marcado un cambio en el comportamiento del CGH, y lo que hubiera ligado ms a estos dos conjuntos, acab siendo peor ya que no pudieron hablar con la verdad. Despus del fracaso del plebiscito ante el CGH, se intent dialogar 2 veces ms, pero lo que no se saba es que aceptaran o no el dilogo se tomara la UNAM por la fuerza. Esto ltimo fue lo que finalmente sucedi. Ante un primer error de rectora, otro fue el que acab con el conflicto momentaneamente. La impunidad una vez ms se hizo notar, y la funcin social de la UNAM se olvid otra vez. B. CGH (Consejo General de Huelga)El movimiento universitario, ha sido muy importante para la Nacin en general. Los estudiantes universitarios luchan por mantener una educacin superior gratuita, una educacin para todos y cada uno de los jvenes de escasos recursos que pretendan ser universitarios con el fin de mantener la docencia, promover la investiga cin y difundir la cultura hacia la sociedad (principios fundamentales de la UNAM). Estudiantes que mantienen su postura ante un gobierno que lo nico que pretende es vender nuestro pas como mano de obra barata, con el disfraz de globalizacin econmica. Como ya se ha mencionado anteriormente, el 20 de abril de 1920, la Asamble Estudiantil Universitaria se transform en Consejo General de Huelga. ste tras ver que no haba reaccin de rectora ante una peticin de la abolicin de las cuotas, decidi hacer un pliego petitorio. En este se elaboraron 6 demandas, que a continuacin voy a citar directamente del CGH:UNO: Abrogacin del Reglamento General de Pagos y eliminacin de todos los cobros ilegalesDOS: Derogacin de las reformas impuestas por el Consejo Universitario el 9 de junio de 1997. Esto significa recuperar el pase automtico, eliminar los problemas que enfrenta nuestra universidad. TRES: Un Congreso Democrtico y Resolutivo para discutir y resolver los problemas que enfrenta nuestra universidad. CUATRO: Retiro de cualquier tipo de sancin en contra de estudiantes, maestros o trabajadores que participemos en este movimiento, desmantelamiento del aparato de represin implementado por el rector Barns de Castro. CINCO: Recuperacin de los das de clases invertidos en el movimiento y extensin de las fechas de trmites administrativos. SEIS: Desaparicin de todo vnculo de las escuelas pblicas con el CENEVAL, que implica la anulacin del examen nico de ingreso al Bachillerato y examen nico de egreso. Estos seis puntos formaron el pliego petitorio, que fueron expuestos al ex rector Barns y que no pudieron ser negociados gracias a que el rector siempre mostr esa incapacidad de solventar un problema universitario. La propuesta del ex rector Barns, se convirti en una peticin de los universitarios a las autoridades. Que fue la de la defensa del derecho a la eduacin pblica y gratuita. Muchos han de decir que por qu se niegan a pagar algo que vindolo bien no es mucho, y que est al alcance de todos. Pero en realidad tienen razn de protestar por varios motivos. Uno es que estamos en un pas con derechos sociales, entre ellos la educacin gratuita y que no se est respetando. Dos, que Mxico es un pas donde el 70% de su poblacin est en condiciones de pobreza. Tres, protestar para que Mxico, mediante la educacin no sea un paso ms al neoliberalismo. S, en Mxico contamos con una constitucin, pero que no se ha respetado. En los Estados Unidos Mexicanos todo individuo gozar de las garantas que otorga esta constitucin, las cuales no podrn restringirse ni suspenderse, sino en los casos y las condiciones que ella misma establece En el artculo 3 de esta constitucin se habla de que todo individuo tiene derecho a recibir educacin. En este tambin se especifica que toda la educacin que el estado imparta ser gratuita. Adems que el Estado promover y atender todos los tipos y modalidades educativos incluyendo la superior- necesarios para el desarrollo de la Nacin, apoyar la investigacin cientfica y tecnolgica, y alentar el fortalecimiento y difusin de nuestra cultura. A continuacin voy a citar textualmente lo que establece el artculo 3 captulo VII: Las universidades y las dems instituciones de educacin superior a las que la ley otorgue autonoma tendrn la facultad y responsabilidad de gobernarse a s mismas; sus fines de educar, investigar y di fundir la cultura de acuerdo a los principios de este artculo, respetando la libertad de ctedra e investigacin y de libre examen y discusin de las ideas; determinarn sus planes y programas; fijarn los trminos de ingreso, promocin y permanencia de su personal acadmico; y administrarn su patrimonio. Hasta aqu es entendible el descontento de los universitarios ante la alza del Reglamento General de Pagos, ya que estn haciendo valer sus derechos ya claramente establecidos. Otro problema fue que en Mxico, en 1980, al ser un pas subdesarrollado se vio sumergido en miseria y esto lo oblig a pedir prstamos a pases del primer mundo y/u organismos financieros Internacionales que formaron y controlan estos pases. stos prstamos concedidos a naciones como la nuestra no venan con la intencin de ayudarnos, a pesar de no haberse concedido la ayuda a estos, tambin se hubieran ido a pique. Venan cargados de fuertes intereses y de condicionantes. Por lo que organismos financieros o directamente Estados Unidos realizan cartas de intencin y recomendaciones sobre la poltica econmica y social que deben tener los prstamos, no se invertir en tu pas o te quitaremos tu dinero. Esto lleva al problema de por qu el estado incumple su obligacin presupuestal con la educacin, ya que una de las recomendaciones de estos organismos financieros internacionales fue hecha al gobierno de Carlos Salinas de Gortari: La privatizacin de la banca. Esto permite tener al capital extranjero el t ener un mejor manejo de la economa mexicana al tener una competencia entre los intereses que ofrece un banco de otro. Entonces, cuando Sali Salinas del poder, se vino una de las peores crisis que ha sufrido la nacin. Hubo una crisis banquera que fue generada por banqueros y deudores con mucho dinero. Lo que hizo el gobierno fue que una parte de los impuestos se destinara a rescatar la banca, es decir que se les diera dinero para que no quebraran. La queja de los paristas es que a Mxico slo se le dedica 4 % del PIB anual a la educacin, pese a que la UNESCO y la ONU establecen que los pases deben dedicar, por lo menos, 8 por ciento del Producto al rubro educativo. En contraste, el rescate bancario y el fraude Fobaproa absorbieron recursos que jams se han gastado ni en educacin ni en salud. En la siguiente tabla se puede ver la comparacin de los pagos de intereses de deuda externa y gasto en educacin en Mxico: AosDeuda pblica externa bruta como porcentaje del PIB Gasto pblico en educac in comoporcentaje del PIB1993 18.3% 4.0%1994 29.8% 4.1%1995 36.2%3.7%1996 26.9% 3.6%1997 20.2% 3.7%1998 21.4% 3.8%1999 24% 4.0%Pues bien, de esos seis puntos, se ha dicho hasta el cansancio que se priorizan cuatro: la gratuidad de la educacin, el congreso y las dos garantias para el levantamiento. Una vez resueltas esas demandas, se abre la posibilidad para la solucin del conflicto. El caso del Ceneval y las reformas del 97 son puntos en donde el movimiento ha decidido ser flexible: que de estos dos puntos se suspenda su aplicabilidad en tanto se resuelven en el congreso. A esto no quisieron respoonder ni el rector Barns ni el consejo Universitario, as como la burocracia universitaria, encabezada por los exrectores, que ven en l el riesgo de perder el control que hasta hoy han tenido sobre la Universidad y que han utilizado para servirse de ella para sus intereses polticos facciosos. A pesar de que los paristas sean izquierdistas y con ideales radicales, formaron una plataforma de lucha del movimiento estudiantil. Aqu es un resmen de lo que en resmen piden los universitarios. Plataforma de Lucha del Movimiento estudiantil I. DEFENSA DEL CARCTER PBLICO Y GRATUITO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD 1. Adems de la abrogacin del Reglamento General de Pagos (RGP), con la consecuente desaparicin de los cobros ilegales. 2. La cancelacin del Examen nico de ingreso al bachillerato y del Examen General de Egreso a Licenciatura (EGEL). 3. Suspensin de los acuerdos con el CENEVAL. 4. Aumento de la matrcula, empezando por el restablecimiento de los 4 turnos a los CCHs y un tercer turno en licenciatura. 5. Restablecimiento del pase automtico y respetar la eleccin de carrera dndole prioridad al bachillerato de la UNAM y que incuba a la Preparatoria popular. 6. Abolicin del lmite de permanencia de los estudiantes en los diversos niveles de estudio de la UNAM. II. EN CUANTO A LAS FORMAS DE GOBIER NO. 1. La renuncia del Rector. 2. Transformacin de las formas de gobierno instrumentando en su lugar una democracia basada en instancias colectivas de estudiantes, profesores y trabajadores. 3. Desaparicin de la Junta de Gobierno. 4. Desconocimiento del Consejo Universitario y de los Consejos Tcnicos. III. SOBRRE EL PRESUPUESTO 1. Incremento del presupuesto para financiar la educacin pblica hasta alcanzar el 8% del PIB, garantizando el 2.8 % para la educacin superior pblica. 2. Transparencia y democratizacin del manejo y criterios de asignacin presupuestal en la UNAM. 3. Auditorias sobre el manejo del presupuesto a nivel general y a los funcionarios respectivos en cada dependencia. 4. Aumento salarial a profesores y trabajadores. 5. Reduccin de sueldos a funcionarios y desaparicin de sueldos vitalicios. 6. Desaparicin de Fundacin UNAM. 7. No al alquiler a privados de las instalaciones universitarias. 8. Desaparicin de la partida 911, asignada directamente al Rector y que representa el 30 % del presupuesto. 9. Apoyo a becas a estudiantiles, comedores y apoyo acadmico. IV EN CUANTO A LA ACADEMIA 1. Derogacin de las reformas al artculo 3 constitucional hechas por Salinas en 1993. 2. Revisin de planes y programas de estudio en manos de estudiantes, Words/ Pages : 13,707 / 24

The First Snowfall Flashcard

The First Snowfall

The Meaning and Impact of Linda Nochlins Feminist Art Criticism

The Meaning and Impact of Linda Nochlin's Feminist Art Criticism Linda Nochlin was a renowned art critic, historian, writer, and researcher. Through her writing and academic work, Nochlin became an icon of the feminist art movement and history. Her best known essay is titled Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?, in which she examines the societal reasons that prevented women from gaining recognition in the art world. Key Takeaways Nochlins essay Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists? was published in 1971 in ARTnews, a visual arts magazine.Written from an academic perspective, the essay became a pioneering manifesto for the feminist art movement and feminist art history.Through her academic work and her writing, Nochlin was instrumental in changing the language that surrounds the way we speak of artistic development, paving the way for many of those outside the norm, not just women, to find success as artists. Personal Life Linda Nochlin was born in 1931 in Brooklyn, New York, were she grew up an only child in a wealthy Jewish family. She inherited a love of the arts from her mother and was immersed in New York’s rich cultural landscape from a young age. A volume of Nochlins writing in which her famous essay appears.   Courtesy burlington.co.uk Nochlin attended Vassar College, then a single-sex college for women, where she minored in art history. She pursued a Master’s in English literature at Columbia University before completing doctoral work in art history at the Institute of Fine Arts at New York University while also teaching as a professor of art history at Vassar (where she would teach until 1979). While Nochlin is most famous for her role in feminist art history, she also made a name for herself as a scholar with wide academic interests, writing books on subjects as diverse as realism and impressionism, as well as several volumes of her essays originally published in various publications, including ARTnews and Art in America. Nochlin died in 2017 at the age of 86. At the time of her death she was a Lila Acheson Wallace professor of art history emerita at NYU. â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?† Nochlin’s most famous text is the 1971 essay, originally published in ARTnews, titled â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?,† in which she investigated the institutional roadblocks which have prevented women from ascending to the top ranks of art throughout history. The essay is argued from an intellectual and historical angle, rather than a feminist one, though Nochlin did secure her reputation as a feminist art historian after the publishing of this essay. In her writing, she insisted that the investigation into the inequity in the art world would only serve the arts as a whole: perhaps an interest in why women artists have been systematically excluded from the art historical canon will prompt a thorough investigation into the contexts of all artists, resulting in a more authentic, factual, and intellectually rigorous assessment of art history in general. Characteristic of Nochlin as a writer, the essay methodically lays out an argument to answer the titular question. She begins by insisting on the importance of her essay, in order to assert an â€Å"adequate and accurate view of history†. She then launches into the question at hand. Many feminist art historians, she argues, will try to answer her question by insisting it is predicated on false claims. Indeed, there have been great women artists, they just have produced in obscurity and have never made it into the history books. While Nochlin agrees that there is not nearly enough scholarship on many of these women, the possible existence of female artists that have reached the mythical status of â€Å"genius,† simply would state that the â€Å"status quo is fine,† and that the structural changes that feminists are fighting for have already been achieved. This, Nochlin says, is untrue, and she spends the rest of her essay outlining why. â€Å"The fault lies not in our stars, our hormones, our menstrual cycles, or our empty internal spaces, but in our institutions and our education,† she writes. Women were not permitted to attend live drawing sessions from a nude model (though women were permitted to model nude, an assertion of her place as object and not as self possessed maker), which was an essential chapter of an artist’s education in the 19th century. If not permitted to paint the nude, the few women painters that existed were forced to resort to subjects that were lower in the hierarchy of value assigned to different genres of art at the time, that is, they were relegated to painting still lives and landscapes. Add to this an art historical narrative that values the rise of innate genius and the insistence that wherever genius resides it will make itself known. This type of art historical myth making finds its origins in the biographies of such revered artists as Giotto and Andrea Mantegna, who were â€Å"discovered† tending flocks of livestock in the rural landscape, as close to the â€Å"middle of nowhere† as can be. The perpetuation of the artistic genius is detrimental to the success of female artists in two significant ways. First, it is a justification that, indeed, there are no great female artists because, as is implicitly stated in the genius narrative, greatness makes itself known regardless of circumstance. If a woman possessed genius, her talent would best all adverse conditions in her life (poverty, social duties, and children included) to make her â€Å"great.† Second, if we do accept the ex nihilo genius story, we are not inclined to study art as it exists in context, and therefore are more prone to ignoring important influences (and therefore, more inclined to discount the other intellectual forces surrounding an artist, which may include female artists and artists of color). Of course, there are many life circumstances that make the road to becoming an artist more straightforward. Among them is the custom that an artist profession is passed from father to son, making the choice to be an artist a tradition rather than a break from it, as it would be for women artists. (Indeed, a majority of the most famous pre-20th century women artists were the daughters of artists, though they are, of course, notable exceptions.)   Regarding these institutional and social circumstances as the situation that artistically-inclined women are up against, it is no wonder that more of them have not ascended to the heights of their male contemporaries. Reception Nochlin’s essay was widely acclaimed, as it provided the foundations on which to build alternative understandings of art history. It certainly provided the scaffolding on which other seminal essays such as Nochlin’s colleague Griselda Pollock’s â€Å"Modernity and the Spaces of Femininity† (1988), in which she argues that many women painters did not ascend to the same heights of some other Modernist painters because they were denied access to the spaces best suited to the Modernist project (that is, spaces like Manet’s Folies Bergà ¨re or Monet’s docks, both places from which single women would be discouraged). Artist Deborah Kass believes that Nochlins pioneering work made women’s and queer studies possible (ARTnews.com) as we know them today. Her words have resonated with generations of art historians and have even been emblazoned on T-shirts produced by upscale French fashion label Dior. Though there is still a great disparity between the representation of male versus female artists (and still a greater one between women of color and white female artists), Nochlin was instrumental in changing the language that surrounds the way we speak of artistic development, paving the way for many of those outside the norm, not just women, to find success as artists. Sources (2017). ‘A True Pioneer’: Friends and Colleagues Remember Linda Nochlin. ArtNews.com. [online] Available at: artnews.com/2017/11/02/a-true-pioneer-friends-and-colleagues-remember-linda-nochlin/#dk.Smith, R. (2017). Linda Nochlin, 86, Groundbreaking Feminist Art Historian, Is Dead. The New York Times. [online] Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/01/obituaries/linda-nochlin-groundbreaking-feminist-art-historian-is-dead-at-86.htmNochlin, L. (1973). â€Å"Why Have There Been No Great Women Artists?†Ã‚  Art and Sexual Politics, Collier Books, pp. 1–39.

Project Management 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Project Management 4 - Essay Example formation certain mechanism can be adopted which may include meetings, seminar, pamphlet sharing within the organization or other sources of enabling knowledge information. Incase effective communication is not being provided or is not in place, mechanism would be introduced for enhancing the overall flow of information, and this would be done by removing the barriers if any may exist. In case the communication means are not effective, proper guidelines would be devised, roles would be clearly defined and the task at hand would be better explained both from managerial view point and the technical view point. Technology is of high importance with regard to the communication purpose (Beck et.al 2009). For this reason state of the art devices and technological equipment must be incorporated into the system which enable inside the organization and outside the organization effective communication

Role of IT in Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of IT in Business Management - Essay Example These are namely: (Angell, 1991) Information technology has helped organizations in managing their resources efficiently and to produce the maximum throughput. Information technology has become an integral part of any organization small or big. This is due to the fact that any organization will have to make critical decisions when it comes to marketing. Information technology when implemented in the following areas of business plays a big role in improving the organization's market hold: Supply Chain Management: Any organization has to take important decisions regarding their products as to what to supply, how much to supply, how to supply and where to supply. Supply chain management can be divided into three main flows: Product Flow, Information Flow and Finance Flow. All this information is stored in databases and data warehouses. This information retrieved and fed to SCM application programs to be analyzed. SCM software has algorithms to determine the best way to fill an order and to track the product status, etc. E-Commerce: Many people nowadays prefer buying products over the internet rather than buying from a retail outlet. Organizations can use internet to sell their products which reduces the paper as well as the manual work to a large extent.